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拆解倉泵 “黑匣子”：探秘它的內(nèi)部世界

來源：http://www.513951.com/ 發(fā)布時間：日期：2025-06-18 1次

　　在氣力輸送的工業(yè)舞臺上，倉泵猶如一位沉穩(wěn)可靠的 “物料搬運大師”

，默默承擔著大量物料的儲存與輸送任務

。看似簡單的外形下

，倉泵實則是由多個功能各異的部件精妙組合而成

，每個部件都各司其職，共同奏響高效輸送的 “交響樂”

。接下來

，就讓我們深入倉泵內(nèi)部，一探究竟

。

　　On the industrial stage of pneumatic conveying, the bin pump is like a steady and reliable "material handling master", silently undertaking the task of storing and conveying a large amount of materials. Despite its seemingly simple appearance, the warehouse pump is actually composed of multiple components with different functions that are ingeniously combined. Each component performs its own function and plays a symphony of efficient transportation together. Next, let's delve into the interior of the warehouse pump and explore it thoroughly.

　　倉泵的主體是一個堅固的容器

，這是它的 “軀干”，也是儲存物料的核心空間

。這個容器通常采用高強度的鋼材焊接而成

，形狀多為圓柱形或方柱形，能夠承受較大的內(nèi)部壓力

。為了確保容器的密封性

，其各個連接部位經(jīng)過精細處理，比如采用密封墊片

、焊接密封等方式

，防止在輸送過程中出現(xiàn)物料泄漏或氣體外泄的情況。同時

，容器的內(nèi)壁會根據(jù)輸送物料的特性進行特殊處理

，對于容易磨損的物料，內(nèi)壁可能會加裝耐磨襯里

，延長容器的使用壽命

；而對于腐蝕性較強的物料，內(nèi)壁則會進行防腐涂層處理

，避免容器被腐蝕損壞

。

　　The main body of the warehouse pump is a sturdy container, which serves as its "torso" and the core space for storing materials. This container is usually made of high-strength steel welded together, and its shape is mostly cylindrical or square cylindrical, which can withstand significant internal pressure. In order to ensure the sealing of the container, its various connecting parts are finely processed, such as using sealing gaskets, welding seals, etc., to prevent material leakage or gas leakage during transportation. At the same time, the inner wall of the container will be specially treated according to the characteristics of the conveyed material. For materials that are prone to wear, wear-resistant lining may be added to the inner wall to extend the service life of the container; For materials with strong corrosiveness, the inner wall will be treated with anti-corrosion coating to prevent the container from being corroded and damaged.

　　進料閥是倉泵的 “入口守衛(wèi)”，負責控制物料進入倉泵的過程。常見的進料閥有閘板閥

、蝶閥等類型

。閘板閥通過閘板的上下移動實現(xiàn)開閉，當閘板提升時

，通道打開

，物料依靠重力或外部推力進入倉泵；閘板落下時

，與閥座緊密貼合

，阻止物料和氣體通過，保證倉泵內(nèi)部的密封性

。蝶閥則是以圓形蝶板為啟閉件

，繞閥桿軸線旋轉(zhuǎn)來控制閥門開閉，其結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊

，操作靈活

，能夠快速完成進料過程。在進料閥工作時

，會與倉泵的控制系統(tǒng)聯(lián)動

，當接收到進料信號時自動開啟，在倉泵內(nèi)物料達到設定量后及時關閉

，確保進料過程準確

、高效。

　　The feed valve is the "inlet guard" of the bin pump, responsible for controlling the process of materials entering the bin pump. Common types of feed valves include gate valves, butterfly valves, etc. The gate valve opens and closes by the up and down movement of the gate. When the gate is lifted, the channel opens and the material enters the bin pump by gravity or external thrust; When the gate plate falls, it tightly adheres to the valve seat, preventing materials and gases from passing through and ensuring the sealing inside the bin pump. Butterfly valves use circular butterfly plates as opening and closing components, rotating around the axis of the valve stem to control valve opening and closing. They have a compact structure, flexible operation, and can quickly complete the feeding process. When the feed valve is working, it will be linked with the control system of the bin pump. When it receives the feed signal, it will automatically open and close in a timely manner when the material in the bin pump reaches the set amount, ensuring accurate and efficient feeding process.

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　　出料閥是倉泵的 “出口指揮官”

，決定著物料從倉泵輸出的節(jié)奏

。與進料閥類似，出料閥也有多種形式

，球閥在其中較為常用

。球閥的球體上設有圓形通道，通過球體的旋轉(zhuǎn)來控制通道的開閉

。當球體上的通道與管道對齊時

，閥門開啟，在壓縮空氣的推動下

，倉泵內(nèi)的物料從通道排出進入輸送管道

；球體旋轉(zhuǎn) 90 度后，通道被截斷

，閥門關閉

，停止物料輸送。出料閥的密封性能至關重要

，良好的密封能夠保證在倉泵充壓過程中氣體不會泄漏

，確保物料在壓力作用下順利輸送。同時，出料閥的開閉動作需要與整個輸送流程精準配合

，以實現(xiàn)物料的穩(wěn)定輸出

。

　　The discharge valve is the "outlet commander" of the bin pump, determining the rhythm of material output from the bin pump. Similar to the feed valve, there are also various forms of discharge valves, among which ball valves are more commonly used. The ball valve has a circular channel on its sphere, which is controlled to open and close by the rotation of the sphere. When the channel on the sphere aligns with the pipeline, the valve opens, and under the push of compressed air, the material in the bin pump is discharged from the channel into the conveying pipeline; After the sphere rotates 90 degrees, the channel is cut off, the valve is closed, and material transportation is stopped. The sealing performance of the discharge valve is crucial. Good sealing can ensure that gas will not leak during the pressurization process of the bin pump, ensuring smooth transportation of materials under pressure. At the same time, the opening and closing action of the discharge valve needs to be precisely coordinated with the entire conveying process to achieve stable material output.

　　壓縮空氣管路系統(tǒng)是倉泵的 “動力輸送線”，為物料輸送提供動力源泉

。它由一系列管道

、閥門和連接件組成，將壓縮空氣從氣源引入倉泵內(nèi)部

。在倉泵進料階段

，壓縮空氣管路處于關閉狀態(tài)

；當進料完成后

，打開相關閥門，壓縮空氣進入倉泵

，使內(nèi)部壓力升高

。這些壓縮空氣不僅推動物料從出料閥排出，還會在輸送管道內(nèi)形成氣流

，攜帶物料沿著管道輸送至目的地

。為了保證壓縮空氣的質(zhì)量和壓力穩(wěn)定，管路系統(tǒng)中通常會安裝過濾器

、減壓閥等裝置

。過濾器可以去除壓縮空氣中的雜質(zhì)、水分和油污

，防止這些物質(zhì)對倉泵和輸送管道造成損害

；減壓閥則用于調(diào)節(jié)壓縮空氣的壓力，使其符合倉泵的工作要求

，避免壓力過高或過低影響物料輸送效果

。

　　The compressed air pipeline system is the "power transmission line" of the bin pump, providing a power source for material transportation. It consists of a series of pipes, valves, and connectors that introduce compressed air from the air source into the interior of the bin pump. During the feeding stage of the bin pump, the compressed air pipeline is in a closed state; After the feeding is completed, open the relevant valves and compressed air enters the bin pump to increase the internal pressure. These compressed air not only push the material out of the discharge valve, but also form an airflow in the conveying pipeline, carrying the material along the pipeline to the destination. In order to ensure the quality and pressure stability of compressed air, devices such as filters and pressure reducing valves are usually installed in pipeline systems. Filters can remove impurities, moisture, and oil stains from compressed air, preventing these substances from causing damage to the bin pump and conveying pipeline; The pressure reducing valve is used to regulate the pressure of compressed air to meet the working requirements of the bin pump, avoiding excessive or insufficient pressure that affects the material conveying effect.

　　倉泵的控制系統(tǒng)是整個設備的 “智慧大腦”，協(xié)調(diào)各個部件有序工作

。它由傳感器

、控制器和執(zhí)行機構(gòu)等部分組成。傳感器負責實時監(jiān)測倉泵的各項運行參數(shù)

，如倉內(nèi)壓力

、料位高度、閥門開閉狀態(tài)等

，并將這些數(shù)據(jù)傳輸給控制器

。控制器根據(jù)預設的程序和邏輯

，對傳感器傳來的數(shù)據(jù)進行分析處理

，判斷倉泵的工作狀態(tài)是否正常。當出現(xiàn)異常情況時，如倉內(nèi)壓力過高

、料位異常等

，控制器會及時發(fā)出報警信號，并采取相應的措施

，如停止進料

、關閉閥門等，保障設備和人員安全

。同時

，控制器還會根據(jù)設定的流程，控制進料閥

、出料閥和壓縮空氣管路閥門的開閉

，以及壓縮空氣的通入和停止，實現(xiàn)倉泵進料

、輸送等過程的自動化操作

，提高工作效率和準確性。

　　The control system of the warehouse pump is the "smart brain" of the entire equipment, coordinating the orderly operation of various components. It consists of sensors, controllers, and actuators. Sensors are responsible for real-time monitoring of various operating parameters of the warehouse pump, such as pressure inside the warehouse, material level height, valve opening and closing status, etc., and transmitting these data to the controller. The controller analyzes and processes the data transmitted by the sensors according to the preset program and logic, and determines whether the working status of the bin pump is normal. When abnormal situations occur, such as high pressure in the warehouse or abnormal material level, the controller will promptly issue an alarm signal and take corresponding measures, such as stopping feeding, closing valves, etc., to ensure the safety of equipment and personnel. At the same time, the controller will also control the opening and closing of the feed valve, discharge valve, and compressed air pipeline valve according to the set process, as well as the inlet and outlet of compressed air, to achieve automated operation of the bin pump feeding, conveying, and other processes, improving work efficiency and accuracy.

　　此外

，倉泵還配備有一些輔助部件

，如安全閥、壓力表等

。安全閥是倉泵的 “安全衛(wèi)士”

，當倉內(nèi)壓力超過設定的安全值時，安全閥自動開啟

，釋放部分氣體

，降低倉內(nèi)壓力，防止倉泵因壓力過高發(fā)生爆炸等危險事故

。壓力表則是操作人員觀察倉內(nèi)壓力的 “眼睛”

，通過直觀顯示倉內(nèi)壓力數(shù)值，方便操作人員掌握倉泵的工作狀態(tài)

，及時調(diào)整運行參數(shù)

。

　　In addition, the warehouse pump is also equipped with some auxiliary components, such as safety valves, pressure gauges, etc. The safety valve is the "safety guard" of the warehouse pump. When the pressure inside the warehouse exceeds the set safety value, the safety valve automatically opens, releasing some gas, reducing the pressure inside the warehouse, and preventing dangerous accidents such as explosions caused by high pressure in the warehouse pump. The pressure gauge is the "eye" for the operator to observe the pressure inside the compartment, and by intuitively displaying the pressure value inside the compartment, it is convenient for the operator to grasp the working status of the compartment pump and adjust the operating parameters in a timely manner.

　　倉泵正是由主體容器、進料閥

、出料閥

、壓縮空氣管路系統(tǒng)、控制系統(tǒng)以及眾多輔助部件相互配合

、協(xié)同工作

，才得以高效地完成物料的儲存與輸送任務。這些部件就像精密鐘表中的零件

，每一個都不可或缺

，共同構(gòu)建起倉泵強大而可靠的功能體系

，在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)的物料輸送環(huán)節(jié)中發(fā)揮著重要作用。

　　The warehouse pump is composed of the main container, feed valve, discharge valve, compressed air pipeline system, control system, and numerous auxiliary components working together to efficiently complete the storage and transportation tasks of materials. These components are like parts in precision watches, each indispensable, together building a powerful and reliable functional system for the warehouse pump, playing an important role in the material conveying process of industrial production.

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